Coming of Age in A Tree Grows in Brooklyn :: essays research papers

Betty Smith’s A Tree Grows in Brooklyn presents the issues of a little youngster transitioning, when she is confronted with new difficulties and must defeat impediments. All through the book the hero, Francie Nolan finds herself developing as she battles with forlornness, the loss of guiltlessness and an existence of destitution in a Brooklyn ghetto. This subject is clear in (1.) her adoration for books which she utilizes as friendship, (2.) her point of view toward the world as she develops lastly, (3.) her acknowledgment that so as to prevail in life she should acquire training and make a solid effort to do it. Perhaps the greatest test Francie faces while growing up is dejection. As a little youngster living in a Brooklyn ghetto, Francie has no companions her age. Different youngsters either view her as excessively calm or avoid her for being diverse in view of her broad jargon. Betty Smith portrays how the greater part of Francie's youth days are spent: in the warm summer days the bereft kid sat on her stoop and imagined scorn for the gathering of kids playing on the walkway. Francie played with her fanciful sidekicks and made accept they were superior to genuine youngsters. In any case, at the same time her heart beat in musicality to the strong misery of the tune the youngsters sang while strolling around in a ring with hands joined. (106). Francie is forlorn, and aches to be incorporated. As Francie develops, she starts to encounter an alternate sort of forlornness. Betty Smith depicts her sentiments as she watches her neighborhood: spring came early that year and the sweet warm evenin gs made her eager. She strolled here and there the lanes and through the recreation center. What's more, any place she went, she saw a kid and a young lady together, strolling affectionately intertwined, sitting on a recreation center seat with their arms around one another, standing intently and peacefully in a vestibule. Everybody on the planet however Francie had a darling or a companion she was by all accounts the main desolate one in Brooklyn without a companion. (403). Dejection is a consistent test for Francie yet it is through her depression that she finds another partner in her books. Francie peruses as an option for her absence of companions and friends. It is through her affection for perusing that Francie builds up her broad, modern jargon. Her books lead her into development and assist her with figuring out how to be autonomous and beaten her numerous difficulties.

Psychological Theories

Mental Theory Psych525 Psychological Theory This paper analyzes how a person’s social ethnocentric viewpoint makes them respond to an individual from another culture dependent on the conduct/social subjective hypothesis. For the reasons for portrayal, this introduction will investigate both Irish and Japanese ethnocentric viewpoints and how they identify with each other utilizing the conduct/social psychological hypothesis. Ethnocentricity Before proceeding to depict Irish and Japanese social communication, there should be away from of what is implied by ethnocentric points of view. As per Segall, Dasen, Berry, and Poortinga (1999) an ethnocentric point of view is the conviction that a person’s culture is the focal point of all. The other piece of an ethnocentric point of view is that it advances postive sentiments of self while making negative idea designs about others (Segall et al, 1999). Conduct/Social Cognitive Theory This hypothesis was based upon the hypothesis that conduct is a scholarly reaction basically learned through social condition (Cervone and Pervin, 2010). Social-psychological scholars likewise accept that a person’s intellectual capacities consider development past the underlying ecological givers (Cervone and Pervin, 2010). A person’s culture speaks to their essential social condition and along these lines is the overwhelming supporter of their character advancement. This social mindfulness, or ethnocentric viewpoint, gives a structure of felt that influences a person’s future turn of events. Conduct Cognitive hypothesis presents focuses, for example, abstaining from clashing improvements and endeavoring to meet harmony state by methods for utilizing their psychological components. Psychological components are components, for example, values, convictions, information, and mentalities (Awa and Nwuche, 2010). The social part of this hypothesis depicts the musings that assessment of such encounters happen in setting with utilizes past encounters. Also, the social part of the hypothesis assists with clarifying how as social creatures we fill in as â€Å"information preparing machines† (Landau et al, 2010). By the utilization of this mix of hypotheses, we can clarify and assess in a more profound manner two particular societies. The Irish and the Japanese societies are two societies so profoundly established, their way of life fills in as a methods for additional understanding social elements. Irish Ethnocentric Perspective Ireland’s culture is folded over its loss of opportunity and loss of self after colonization by England (Howard, 2009). Ireland is a predominately Catholic country while the colonizing English were Protestant causing impressive strains towards England (Howard, 2009). The Irish view their country as one of culture and harmony in examination with England’s militarism (Howard, 2009). The colonization by England, likewise with numerous different countries, brought about lost language (Howard, 2009). A development that got a move on during the 1970’s permitted Ireland to recapture its language (Pinter, 2010). The Irish likewise see themselves as Celtic, a subset of â€Å"white† (Chan, 2006). This racial personality was significant in light of the fact that the English saw them as something less advanced or refined (Chan, 2006). Irish pride is found in the battle to recapture their religion, their language and their national character and autonomy from the English (Pinter, 2010). Japanese Despite the fact that it could be contended that ethnocentric inclination for the most part influences those nations that are differently populated, Japan can be a special case. Japan is known ordinarily to be made out of a homogeneous populace. Japanese culture is known to segregate themselves strategically and socially from outcasts. â€Å"Gaijin† is a term normally utilized in Japan to depict pariahs or an out-gathering. Preceding the 1860’s, the Tokugawa Shoguns embraced an approach upholding the isolation of their kin. This strategy limited the contact between the Japanese society and individuals all things considered (Neuliep et al, 2001). A century has cruised by, and the vast majority of the Japanese culture despite everything keeps up that separation attitude towards out-gatherings. The Japanese culture is a case of how even the most evolved province can gangs such ethnocentric inclinations. The Japanese culture isn't eager to absorb out-bunches into their general public. This observation ventures to treating Koreans who were brought up in Japan, and communicate in the Japanese language as â€Å"Gaijin† or untouchables. The Koreans brought up in Japan must experience the segregation and the bias (Neuliep et al, 2001). End <lets talk about the communication and finished with that here? > References Awa, H. O. , and Nwuche, C. A. (2010). Intellectual Consistency in Purchase Behavior: Theoretical and Empirical Analyses. Global Journal of Psychological Studies, 2(1), 44-54. Recovered from EBSCOhost. Cervone, D. , and Pervin, L. A. (2010). Character: Theory and research (eleventh ed. ). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Chan, S. (2006). ‘Kiss My Royal Irish Ass. ‘ Contesting character: Visual culture, sexual orientation, whiteness and diaspora. Diary of Gender Studies, 15(1), 1-17. doi:10. 1080/09589230500486850 Howard, B. (2009). In Sunlight and in Shadow. Sewanee Review, 117(4), 665. Recovered from EBSCOhost. <Looking for my reference here> Maclaran, P. , and Stevens, L. (2009). Magners man: Irish juice, portrayals of manliness and the ‘Burning Celtic Soul. ’. Irish Marketing Review, 20(2), 77-88. Recovered from EBSCOhost. Neuliep, J. W. , Chaudoir, M. , and McCroskey, J. C. (2001). A Cross-Cultural Comparison of Ethnocentrism Among Japanese and United States College Students. Correspondence Research Reports, 18(2), 137-146. Recovered from EBSCOhost. Pinter, M. (2010). English or Irish? Social patriot philosophy in late nineteenth century Ireland. Notice of the Transilvania University of Brasov, Series IV: Philology and Cultural Studies, 3(52), 233-242. Recovered from EBSCOhost. Segall, M. H. , Dasen, P. R. , Berry, J. W. , and Poortinga, Y. H. (1999). Human conduct in worldwide point of view: A prologue to multifaceted brain research (second ed. ). Needham Heights, MA: Allyn and Bacon/Pearson. Smyth, G. (2004). Ireland unplugged: the underlying foundations of Irish people/trad. (Con)Fusion. Irish Studies Review, 12(1), 87-97. Recovered from EBSCOhost. Sturgeon, S. (2006). Maria Edgeworth, William Carleton, and the Battle for the Spirit of Ireland. Irish Studies Review, 14(4), 431-445. doi:10. 1080/09670880600984400

Choose the Right Essay Topics for Your Macbeth Essay Topics

Choose the Right Essay Topics for Your Macbeth Essay TopicsThere are a number of things to keep in mind when you are writing your Macbeth essay topics. The structure of the essay must be carefully considered. You can't simply begin writing the essay, as you do for other types of essays. You need to think about the order in which you should write the ideas and figures, and then the sequence of the paragraphs that will complete the piece.The most important character in the play is the ghost and here is where your major source of information is the ghost's point of view. He is the only person in the play who is granted anonymity, so all your information must come from him. All your other facts are his facts. This will allow you to save your facts for later and work on the main idea of the piece instead of getting bogged down with details. So choose carefully how much information you need to include on the ghost.Let's start with the most important piece in the play. It is the play itself . Choose a play's background, its writer, and your topic. If it is a modern play, then you can choose a modern-day problem to research on. But if the play is set in a bygone age, then you will want to concentrate on this era, too.You will also need to do research on how and when the characters in the play were born. This will give you some insight into what the characters are like, so think about this before you start writing. Think about the relationships between the characters. It's also possible to use this as the basis for your background. What made each character different from others?Now, you will want to use the theme of the play as the main point of the Macbeth essay topics. Remember, there will be many instances of repetition in your research, so let's use the main idea as your basis for your essay. For example, do a research study and see which of the characters is in love with the Prince, or the King's son? Who, ultimately, was the most wanted person in Macbeth's kingdom? Or do a research study and find out what motivated the King of Scotland to plot against Macbeth and kill his wife and three daughters. Is it because he thinks that Macbeth killed the King's daughter? Or because he believes he has an illegitimate son?Each character has a unique, interesting side, and you can tie them all together through research. For example, you might have discovered that, in the past, there was a curse that could only be lifted by killing Macbeth, and in his madness he murders his own mother and father. Then, when he is about to kill himself, Macbeth finds a relic of the ancient time, which leads him to believe that he can succeed. This, however, turns out to be the false idol that brought about the curse in the first place.You should also consider researching the locations and people that surround Macbeth, as these will be key to the piece's success. As the king of Scotland, you will need to make a public appearance at least once, so select the most appropriate t ime and place for your Macbeth essay topics. It is also a good idea to start your research early on and write out your research on a scrap of paper and take it with you to your final draft, so that you can refer back to it when the time comes to write your essay.

Growing Up As A Latino Child - 1678 Words

Growing up as a Latino child, I never realized the segregation within my community in the city of Baldwin Park. I attended public schools with students that came from the same background and struggles as my own. It made sense living in an area with similar Latino families because I thought that was the way things were supposed to be. Even today in America. communities are segregated and made up of people with similar backgrounds. I never questioned why we were not surrounded by people that were African American, Asian, or any other race differing from my own. As I grew older, I started to realize how this was a problem because it did not allow for the community to be diverse. Today, I believe that by not being exposed to other cultures at†¦show more content†¦Consequently, these kind of habits can lead to the upholding of a system of advantage based on race. Specifically, racism is a system of advantage that continues to be perpetuated in the education system through ignoran ce and lack of information, which is affecting society through violence and inequality. In her essay â€Å"Defining Racism: Can We Talk?,† Beverly Daniel Tatum writes about racism being a system of advantage in which white people are the superior race. Additionally, Tatum emphasizes that the perpetuation of this system is a result of misinformation and lack of acknowledgement of racism in the education system continuing in society through schools, communities, and work places. Tatum writes, â€Å"There is still a great deal of segregation in our communities. Consequently, most of the early information we receive about ‘others’ — people racially, religiously, or socioeconomically different from ourselves — does not come as the result of firsthand experience† (Tatum 123). We are taught in the education system about racism from the perspective of white people, leaving out the experiences of people of color. Because the information we receive doe s not come from firsthand experience, it means the information we are sometimes told is usually incomplete, distorted, and shaped by cultural stereotypes (Tatum 124). Misinformation is taught to us in schools because it is one of the principal ways in which white people remain at the top of the hierarchy while people

Male homoeroticism in Platos Symposium and the Greek...

Male homoeroticism in Platos Symposium and the Greek lyric poets: Complimentary or contradictory? Works Cited Missing Images of male homosocial and homoerotic relations pervade Athenian culture. From plays to poetry and jugs to the justice system one can find these relations represented pictorially and in words. But do all these images align with each other or are there irreconcilable differences between them? To look at this question we will take two small pieces of culture, a philosophical treatise, Platos Symposium and the lyric poetry of Theognis and Anacreon. Homoerotics are mentioned in several speeches in Platos Symposium but I will focus on those statements made by Phaedras and Pausanias. The reason for the use of these†¦show more content†¦(Theognis, 1267-1270) and again, ?Boy, you?re like those adrift in risks, / your mood now friendly to some, now others.? (Theognis, 1257-1258) Theognis speaks clearly of an erastes who?s virtuous behavior has been repaid with infidelity and ?slutting around.? The erastes feels betrayed and regretful that this boy he cares for appears headed for dangerous risks implying htta he expects honorable behavior. But this is not the end of Phaedras? praise for homoerotic relations. Phaedras continues on and speaks of the things that Love can inspire men to. Though he does not confine these benefits to homosocial interactions, he does specifically include them. After stating that older men are more prone to die than be humiliated in the sight of their eromenos, he goes on to say that, as for abandoning his boyfriend or not helping him when danger threatens ? well, possession by love would infuse even utter cowards with courage. ? Moreover, only lovers are prepared to sacrifice themselves ? and this goes for women as well as men.? (Phaedras, 179a) Phaedras claims, similarly to modern poets that love will drive one to the brink or even over the edge of death. It is hardly surprising, then, to find a similar image again in the poetry of Theognis, ?Boy, as long as your cheek is smooth, I?ll never / stop praising you, not even if I have to die.? (Theognis, 1327-1334) On the inclusion of women, however, Theognis disagrees with

Essay Bio-engineered Processed Food - 1667 Words

In the past years, food has been increasingly changing from natural food to bio-engineered processed food. Modern civilization has changed the type of food people intake. The market has found the way to conserve and present their food in a way which attracts customers to buy them. In today’s society, companies transport food to places which were difficult before to reach in other places. In consequence, companies began to utilize chemicals and preservatives in order to aid in the maintenance of the food during the travel. According to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, food additive is â€Å"any substance the intended use of which results or may reasonable be expected to result — directly or indirectly — in its becoming component or†¦show more content†¦These benefits are an advantage for food companies because it promotes their products to be more attractive to the customer’s eyes, and gives the chance for companies to sell in out of st ate cities. Even if it is an advantage to food companies, many foods lose their nutrients when being processed and chemically changed. The American Cancer Society stated that â€Å"Food processing may also alter foods in ways that might affect cancer risk. An example is the refining of grains, which greatly lowers the amount of fiber and other compounds that may reduce cancer risk† (â€Å"Food Additives and Organic Foods†). Altering food has the potential of losing its natural nutrients which benefit our health in fighting against other diseases. Science has being chemically changing the food structures by increasing the size of vegetables and fruits, in which many have began to lose many of its natural nutrients. Food additives change the structure of the food products; it makes the food chemically different from what it was originally. In consequence of the many food additives which are added to food sold to the public, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration wa s created to regulate food additives. In the United States, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration is responsible to supervise and determine which additives are safe for markets to sell for humanShow MoreRelatedEssay Is Your Food Safe?1385 Words   |  6 PagesAmerica’s consumers today, whom are concerned with the food they are eating, will take time to look at nutritional information and the ingredients listed on the label. They check for the carbohydrates, fats, calories, sugars, and fiber. Consumers believe that thoroughly reading the label on this and other foods gives them some assurance that the food they are eating is healthy. The reason is that government standards require companies to list everything that goes into the package and ensure the ingredientsRead MoreGenetically Modified Organisms And The Food Supply1642 Words   |  7 PagesScience, chemical and big name companies had done hazardous experiments with the consumer’s food without the world’s c ommunities approval and it still continues today. Genetically modified organisms have contaminated the food supply. â€Å"A GMO (genetically modified organism) is the result of a laboratory process where genes from the DNA of one species are extracted and artificially forced in the genes of an unrelated plant or animal† (Seeds of Deception). The results have no health benefits, only financialRead MoreGenetically Modified Organisms and Food Essay951 Words   |  4 PagesRoundup ® resistant bacteria. Then, the bio technician smuggles the engineered DNA into the cells of the corn plant they want to modify. 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Managing People in Sport Organization-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp

Question: Write a report that Critically Evaluates the Issues/Problems in a Case Study. Discuss relevant perspectives of Organisational Behaviour, how they can be applied to the Issues in the Case and inform recommendations for improvement. Answer: About Case study This report is based on the critical analysis of the case study of Sportec covering the concept of organizational behavior. Sportec is the company that manufactures the performance apparels for the sports teams and athletes. In year 1984, the Sportec Company was established in the south of the England And it was founded by Steve Jobson (Team, 2017). The company was popular for the production of the performance vests and company also make use of the latest GPS technology in their products which was the USP of the Sportec company. The Sportec company is the family owned business and in year 2002, Steve worked as the retailer to retailer salesman to become familiar with the products and proceedings of the business. At the age of 16, Phil was used to accompany his father in the business trips. Phil Jobson was at the age of 26, when Steve handed over their business to his son. Presently, Phil is the chairman of the Sportec company. Steve Jobson put great efforts to make the Sportec a glob al brand and now that the company is earning sales more than US$250 million. Moreover, the Company set up its 85 distribution centers in all over the world and its subsidiaries in the UK, USA, Canada, France, Africa and Germany. In the year of 2013, Steve was awarded by the Angelina university as the Honorary degree of the doctor of business administration(Morrow, 2010). In this case study, the problem found was related to the labor turnover and the behavior of the employees of the organization. Employee Resignation is increasing day by day because of the improper working environment, conflicts and politics. Improper working environment refers to the unusual working conditions for the working women like employee-employer conflicts, late hours of work, less time for rest and lunch etc. Phil Jobson appointed Rosemary, a management consultant, for the recruitment of the new employees. However, Sportec, is facing the difficulties of the high turnover rate and hiring new employees. The employees are leaving the organization because of the negative organizational behavior of the team in-charge as well as the chairman of Sportec. The Sportec Company employs 5000 workers every year and the rate of employee turnover is high. This report outlines the theories related to the organizational behavior and also some of the recommendations given in this report(Delta , 2006). Literature review The literature review of the report is the one of the best way to explain the theoretical concepts of the organizational behavior and the situations of the organizations. The review of the literature basically includes the different viewpoints of the scholars and researchers. A well structured literature is characterized by the number of ideas and the relevant research done by the researchers and the research gap in the related topic(Randolph, et al., 1981). In this report, the review of the literature is done under the categories, namely, organizational commitment, occupational stress, and the role of motivation and the behavior and culture. According to the Mcshane and Travaglione(2003), the organizational behavior is the concept of the attitudes and behavior of the employees within the organization and it is a study of the activities that people are doing in the working environment. It is very important to review the management and organization relationship just to know the point of view of the employees. The positive and good behavior of employees in the organization will help to manage the conflicts also. This will help to improve the relationships and performance of the employees(Lawler, 2013). In this literature review, the main focus is given on the peoples behavior in an organization and reasons for adopting these behaviors. It is also significant to analyze the how to shae t5he negative behavior of the employees. In the organization behavior concept, the commitments and the organizational stress are the important aspects to change the behavior of the employees. Counter productive behaviours of the employees is a form of the protest by the way of which employees express their feelings and dissatisfaction about the work and tries top resolve the unethical practices In the company(Ragins, 2011). Organizational Commitment This phenomenon is the most widely studied in the review of literature on the organizational behavior. This concept is related to the promises and the psychology of the employees. Meyer and Allen (1991) have the viewpoint that organizational commitment is a multidimensional construct. It is referred to the state of the mind that follows the relationship of the employees with the company and facing some problems in taking decisions to continue to be a part of the organization. If the employees are refusing the other job opportunities, even if the new job is of higher position, salary and better in comparison to the present, then this decision is said to be the result of the organizational commitment. According to Kanter (1967), it is defined as the process with the help of which the organizational goals become integrated. Also, Sheldon (1990) said that the commitment is an attitude of the employees towards organizations, that relates the identity of the employee with the company(Bobbi tt Behling, 1981). An organizational commitment can be from both sides either from employee or employer Organizational conflict management Etty Liberman and Pertz Segal (2009)conducted a study on the management of the conflicts in the organization. The study revealed that an internal conflict management system is important for the promotion of the positive working environment. The conflict management system in the organization is the best way to improve the interpersonal relationships and positive workplace with positive behavior of the employees. There are many situations such as ,informal work practices, less time for lunch breaks, increasing working hours, etc, leads to organizational conflict. Therefore, the personal relations in the organization depends on four forms- Power and dependency Negotiating Instrumental Socio- emotional aspects MASLOW Theory of Motivation In the organization, it is very important to understand the needs of the employees as it is the best way to motivate the employees by fulfilling their needs. The theory given Maslow(1954) revealed the hierarchy of needs which includes physiological, safety, psychological needs, self esteem and self actualization needs. All these are related to the basic needs, luxurious needs, mental or psychological needs of the human beings. Every employee work for the money and appreciation. In the case study, all the employees at the achievement of the sales targets expected to receive the bonus as a reward. At the end of the day, employees of Sportec company get de-motivated as their needs are not fulfilled(Warrilow, 2009). However, Maslow Believed in the fact that all the needs must be fulfilled to satisfy the employees at the work. The behavior and attitude of the employees will be positive if all these needs met in a certain order. (Hartzell, 2017) Job Characteristics Theory This theory is introduced by the Hackman and Oldhams(1990) that focuses on the characteristics of the job and the satisfaction of the employees job. There are five important factors that keep the employees more satisfied. These factors are related to the Skill variety, Task identification, Significance of the work, Feedback and autonomy. These all factors are the key to motivation of the employees. Therefore, the amalgam of these factors is important in order to increase the performance of the employees(Ali, et al., 2014). There are four models that explain the concept of the organizational behaviors. These four models are Autocratic, supportive, custodial and collegial. All these models explains the importance to have a strong link between the individual, team and organizational objectives for the productivity of the organization. It is essential that there is a clear communication between the employees and its managers with regard to the long term objectives of the Organization. The role of motivation is also very important to shape the behavior of the employees(SIM, 2012). The performance appraisal theory is the evaluation and assessment of the performance of the progress towards the goals and objectives of the company. Performance appraisal is also an important part of the management of the human resources. According to the Bowles and Coates(2001), the performance review should also be arranged by the managers which is important to maintain the loyalty and commitment than to manage the performance directly. The feedback is must for resolving the issues as well as to motivate the employees. Moreover, the 360- degree appraisal feedback is the useful tool used by the management team of the Sportec company to get the feedback from its customers as well as from the colleagues to improve their performance accordingly to meet the objectives of the team as well as organizational objectives. According to Hurley(2003), the communication, efficiency and the productivity of the team is increased with the use of the 360 degree feedback systems Organizations have different kinds of employees and it is very important to retain the employees for as long as it is possible. Recruiting new employees in an organization involves a huge amount of expenditure and time as well. So, it is important to keep the employees happy and satisfied so that they can work for an organization for quite a long time. It promotes the brand image of an organization and helps in building the goodwill of the organization as well. Every individual is different and so are his needs. Some needs monetary incentives for motivation; some needs non-monetary incentives some needs both. The motivational programs should be conducted after regular intervals to keep the employees on track(Mukul, et al., 2013). The leaders and supervisors should be friendly and should help the employees in achieving their goals. The individuals needs are dynamic and keeps on changing from time to time, so it is recommended to analyze their demands. The biggest strength of providing rewards to employees in any organization is that they feel motivated and work keeping in mind the benchmarks and that they will be awarded with rewards. It definitely enhances employee retention in the organization. The weakness, however, is that it involves a huge amount of expenditure and activities such as learning activities or employee recognition programs etc. involves a great effort as well as time. This adds to the cost of the company and thereby adding to the cost of the product in return. Reward Management and Organizational Performance: An Empirical Study of Private Universities In Uganda, the authors clearly mention the monetary and non-monetary incentives and what is the difference between these two incentives and how these incentives differ in their own ways and impact of such incentives on performance of employees(Musenze, et al., 2013). Application of the theories on the Case study In the case study, there are two situations has been observed one is related to the dissatisfaction of the employees and second one is the organizational commitment. In this case study, the concept of the organizational commitment and organizational stress is applied. The problem faced by the Sportec is related to the high turnover rate and the rosemary is the management consultant who conduct an interview session with employees of the Sportec to know their behavior and then gave advice to the Phil according to their judgement. Rosemary found that the change in the culture of the organization is the main reason of the dissatisfaction of the employees, especially the women working at the labor site in UK(Hartzell, 2017). The management is the main reason of the high turnover. Pamela and Sharon are the newly appointed women and they are slow at work, but instead of motivating those employees, organization put a pressure on these employees and also Dawn who is the supervisor were unsuccessful. Then, Phil decided that Robert will handle the activities in the future. This strategy used by the Phil will change the working environment and the culture of the organization that leads to create a problem. This is related to the organizational stress among th e employees, which creates the problem and increases the turnover rates. In the company all these interpersonal conflicts and negative relations are the main reason of the depression and stress, which results into the ill health and low productivity of the employees and higher the rate of absentieeism in the organization. This is the first reason that employees are leaving the organization. Moving further, the other reason of the dissatisfaction of the employees is because of the lack of appreciation to the employees and this concept is related to the reward theory of motivation. As the employees and women are expecting that the Phil Jobson will give the bonus to the employees after achieving the sales targets in the year of the 2015. The Sportec failed to give monetary rewards to the employees as the management distribute the t shirts but that is not the need of the employees. The Sportec company is failed to understand the needs of the company as the employees in the greed of bonuses at the end of the month and not the appreciation. The employees are not satisfied because the company does not fulfill its commitments to provide bonuses and breaks that organizational promises. All these concepts of the organizational behavior explained the reasons of the resignation given by the employees(Mukul, et al., 2013). However the theory of job characteristics is introduced by t he Hackman and Oldhams that focuses on the characteristics of the job and the satisfaction of the employees job. There are five important factors that keep the employees more satisfied. These factors are related to the skill variety, Task identification, significance of the work, feedback and autonomy. This theory is also applicable in this study as it is very important to satisfy the employees to increase the productivity as well as to meet the sales targets. Recommendations The recommendations for these problems faced by the Phil Jobsen are given below in the form of some points: - This is the first advice for the Phil is that, he should understand the needs of the employees for their job satisfaction and higher productivity. The company should conduct a survey so that the motivational rewards will offer to them accordingly. The organization culture should develop in a such a way that it should be acceptable by the employees in the organizations The company should conduct a personal interview session with the Sharon and Pamela to know the reason of their resignation and then take a corrective action accordingly. The employee satisfaction is must for the higher productivity,so there should be stress buster programs for the employees(Morrow, 2010). The company should improve its feedback system as this system helps in planning for the future period of time and to solve the current situations. The stress and the conflicts in the organization is the serious issue, it should be dealt with the help of senior people of the organization. The Sportec should provide the training programs on the regular intervals as this is very important to manage the human resource department. The involvement of the employees in the decision making process is also very important to make them feel that they are the special part of the company. The company and the Phil Jobson should focus on building a strong relationship with the employees so that employee feels comfortable to share their complaints and problems(Delta, 2006). In Sportec, whether employers or employees all need to have a reasonable exposure to organizational behaviors to achieve the planned objectives of their organization. The behaviors of the employees are based on their perceptions, hence, it is important that the management of an organization understands these perceptions by discussions, listening and communications. The communication system between the top management and the lower level management should be strong to resolve the problem of the high turnover rates. Conclusion In this report, all the problems related to the organizational behavior and the employee satisfaction are discussed as these results in low productivity of the company.However, the problem found was related to the labor turnover and the behavior of the employees of the organization. The resignation is given by the employees are increasing day by day because of the improper working environment, conflicts and politics. The whole case study revolves around the employee dissatisfaction because of the stress and burden of the job as well as of the unexpected rewards to the employees. The recommendation for the problem also outlined that the understanding of the employees need and the positive working environment is very important. The Sportec company is very famous company for manufacturing the performance vests and apparels. The company growth will rise if the employees of the organization will satisfied and they feel comfortable to work with the company. The organizational culture and c hange in that culture also affects the performance of the employees as it takes to make adjustments in the new environment. The mailbox of the Phil Jobson was filled with the e-mails of the resignation just because of the organizational stress and the dissatisfaction of the employees of the company. The company should focus on the employees and should develop a friendly environment for higher productivity and should communicate with the employees to know the actual problem. The company may face problems in the future also in recruiting and retaining the new employees if it is not resolved in time. However, it is very important to shape the behavior of the employees by making them feel that they are the integral part and their thoughts, ideas and views matter to the company. The decision making and the leadership strategies can be used or implement in the company to satisfy the employees at work. Therefore, the organizational behavior and attitudes of the employees has a great impact on the performance of the companies. References Ali, S., Said, N. Yunus, N., 2014. Hackman and Oldham's Job Characteristics Model to Job Satisfaction. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 15 May, Volume 129, pp. 46-52. Bobbitt, H. Behling, O., 1981. Organizational Behavior: A Review of the Literature. The Journal of Higher Education, 52(1), pp. 29-44. Delta, 2006. Understanding And Managing Organizational Behavior: Delta Publishing Company, Available at: https://www.apexcpe.com/Publications/471001.pdf Hartzell, S., 2017. The Needs Theory: Motivating Employees with Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, Available at: https://study.com/academy/lesson/the-needs-theory-motivating-employees-with-maslows-hierarchy-of-needs.html Lawler, E., 2013. Review Of Literature: Theory without data is Fantasy; but data without theory is chaos, Available at: https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/51001/9/09_chapter%203.pdf Morrow, J., 2010. Organizational Behavior and How it Relates to Sports, Available at: https://joshsmorrow.wordpress.com/2010/08/05/organizational-behavior-and-how-it-relates-to-sports/ Mukul, A., Rayhan, S., Hoque, F. Islam, F., 2013. Job characteristics model of Hackman and Oldham in garment sector. International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences, 10 August, 1(4), pp. 1-8. Musenze, I., Thomas, M., Stella, B. Muhammadi, L., 2013. Reward Management And Organisational Performance: An Empirical Study Of Private Universities In Uganda. IJIRD journal, August.2(8). Ragins, B., 2011. Research In Organizational Behavior: Doctoral Seminar, Available at: https://positiveorgs.bus.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/Ragins-OB-996-Syllabus-2011.pdf Randolph, H., Behling, J. Orlando , C., 1981. Organizational Behavior: A Review of the Literature. Journal of Higher Education, Jan-Feb, 52(1), pp. 29-44. SIM, 2012. Using the Job Characteristics Theory to Motivate Employees, Available at: https://m360.sim.edu.sg/article/Pages/Job-Characteristics-Theory-to-Motivate-Employees.aspx Team, S., 2017. Schoolwear, Teamwear Kit, Workwear, Corporate Clothing. [Online] Available at: https://www.sportec.co.uk/about-us Warrilow, S., 2009. Maslow Theory of Motivation, Available at: https://www.strategies-for-managing-change.com/maslow-theory-of-motivation.html

Beowulf An epic Hero essays

Beowulf An epic Hero essays The epic poem Beowulf describes the most heroic man of the Anglo-Saxon times. The hero, Beowulf, is a seemingly invincible person with all the extraordinary traits required of a hero. He is able to use his super-human physical strength and courage to put his people before himself. He encounters hideous monsters and the most ferocious of beasts but he never fears the threat of death. His leadership skills are superb and he is even able to boast about all his achievements. Beowulf is the ultimate epic hero who risks his life countless times for immortal glory and for the Beowulf is a hero in the eyes of his fellow men through his amazing physical strength. He fought in numerous battles and returned victorious from all but his last. In his argument with Unferth, Beowulf explains the reason he "lost" a simple swimming match with his youthful opponent Brecca. Not only had Beowulf been swimming for seven nights, he had also stopped to kill nine sea creatures in the depths of the ocean. Beowulf is also strong enough to kill the monster Grendel, who has been terrorizing the Danes for twelve years, with his bare hands by ripping off his arm. When Beowulf is fighting Grendel's mother, who is seeking revenge on her son's death, he is able to slay her by slashing the monster's neck with a Giant's sword that can only be lifted by a person as strong as Beowulf. When he chops off her head, he carries it from the ocean with ease, but it takes four men to lift and carry it back to Herot mead-hall. This strength is a key trait of Beowulf's heroism. Another heroic trait of Beowulf is his ability to put his peoples welfare before his own. Beowulf's uncle is king of the Geats so he is sent as an emissary to help rid the Danes of the evil Grendel. Beowulf risks his own life for the Danes, asking help from no one. He realizes the dangers but fears nothing for his own ...

Computer Fraud essays

Computer Fraud essays Kashmir Controversy Lately, in the national news, Kashmir has been the hot topic. The intense religious, political, geographical, and economical debates have been heard all over the world, and yet, there has been no conclusion to this war between Pakistan and India. As an Indian myself, it is almost impossible to be unbiased in any kind of analysis of the subject, so I will not attempt to be impartial, but yet present the story as how I, first of all see it, secondly, researched it, and thirdly, believe it. There is a truth behind the Kashmir story, and the Indians and the Pakistanis must understand it. There are real people involved in this governmental affair, and being such an affair, one must realize that it is time to stop the killing and resolve this century-old war between the Muslims and the Hindus. Kashmir was once a tourists paradise. The land has been known for centuries as the greenest and most temperate spot in the Himalayas. A land so beautiful, one could not even pict ure it in their dreams. Clear blue lakes reflects the snow-capped mountains, and lush forests of fir, pine, and spruce lining the rivers. The land was once the summer vacation spot for the British raj as well as the wealthy Indians who wanted to escape the heat of the intense summers of India. However beautiful Kashmir is, the land is valued more than for it natural beauty. The land is a path through the Himalayas to the entire subcontinent. From Kashmir, the rivers Indus, Chenab, and Jhelum flow. These rivers are the primary sources of water for Pakistanis. The land provides for a spy camera on the nearby powerful countries of China, Afghanistan, and the Soviet republic of Tajikistan. The "Kashmir problem" dates back to 1947 and the partition of India and Pakistan. Maharaja Hari Singh, the hereditary ruler of Kashmir, stalled for several months over the decision as to which nation Kashmir would join. Singh, a Hindu ruling a majority-Muslim population...

Indonesia Market Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Indonesia Market - Essay Example ncial crisis through debt restructuring, the sale of some state-owned assets, the recapitalization of the commercial banking sector, the improved supervision of the capital market, and increased investments in public infrastructure. The gross domestic product grew by 4.5 per cent in 2003, 5.1 per cent in 2004, 5.6 per cent in 2005, 6.0 per cent in 2006, and 6.3 per cent in 2007. In 2006 the Indonesian government announced a package of policy reforms to improve its investment climate by means of strengthening investment services, harmonizing regional and central government regulations, and improving customs, excise and taxation services, among others. With moderate economic growth in recent years, domestic consumption has continued to account for nearly 2/3 of the GDP, followed by investment for more than l/5 and exports for l/10. With the targeted GDP growth of 6.6 per year up till 2009, the government expects to push Indonesia to recover thereafter to its pre-crisis annual average growth rates of close to 10 per cent.. Indonesia has been chosen as target export market for US soybeans in view of several factors. It has a big population of low and middle-income consumers who have traditionally depended on cheap soybean protein side-dish for nutrition; the countrys production of soybeans has accounted for less than 50 per cent of its consumption, and the price per ton of soybean imports from several producing countries have roughly doubled during the past several months. There is therefore an unfilled demand for this agricultural product which can be supplied through the produce from US farms, and even from partial sourcing from other South American countries to be subsequently exported. The soybean (scientific name Glycine max) is a leguminous plant known for its nutritious seeds which contain 40 per cent protein and 21 per cent oil. It is an important source of vegetable protein and oil for human (and animal) consumption as well as for industrial

How does Implementation of Literature Circles Affect Student Essay

How does Implementation of Literature Circles Affect Student Performance on Literature Assessments - Essay Example in addition, some other classes like the 5th grade have opted to implement the literature cycles methods but teachers still have doubts on the method because they are not sure if it is as beneficial as the reading discussion or instruction which they are currently using. This article sought to investigate the impact of literature cycle compared to read-alouds on reading and student reading encouragement for students in high school (Allington & Johnson, 2002). It is important to note that when using literature circle method in giving instructions to students, they are not allowed to take comprehension-reading tests because comprehension tests provide efferent response. Researchers have tried to use various theories including reader response theory, flow theory, social interaction theory, and motivation theories to address the effect of reading instruction on students. Group discussion helps direct the child to more independent thinking and in turn expand cognitive development. It is v ital to note that if students finds an activity more interesting or perceive it as worthwhile then they are more likely to put in more effort in order to succeed. People need to become intrinsically involved in activity they are learning to do in order to make it valuable in future (Allington & Johnson, 2002). ... Literature circles have been found to be effective methods to help motivate students to read. Literature circles can be applied to assist pupils to learn different skills since children need to learn methods for holding themselves and others responsible, inviting and expecting quiet members of the group to participate or contribute and monitoring the purposefulness of the talk and negotiation of meaning. Read-alouds is another important method used in discussion about books with students. This technique is an instructional method where parents, teachers, and other caregivers read texts aloud to children. Reading aloud also is applied in the content areas very effectively in that they can allow for both collaborative and individual meaning construction through efferent response and aesthetic to content and literature (Daniels, 2002). For over the years, reading has changed significantly in that there has been various reading instructional or discussion methods that have been debated a s the most reliable. Students were divided into literature circle groups based on their preference books and these groups changed oftenly. In addition, the researcher on this topic selected for the read aloud each week. After the researcher read the book, the class and the researcher had a discussion over the story in the book. The researcher observed students attitudes and to hear types of discussion that were on going. Lastly, the researcher tried to establish the motivation level of the student by giving students time to determine their views of the process. The problem with introducing different learning or reading discussion is that some students will not be willing to participate in discussions than others. Some students tend to avoid teacher eye contact as a

Food, Inc. Essay Example for Free

Food, Inc. Essay Food, Inc. broadens the consumers prospective on the production of foods such as chicken and cattle. The documentary was convincing in regards to showing the consumer what manufacturers are afraid to show us, consumers. Nowadays, there are approximately 47 thousand products in a grocery store. That of which four producers have 70% of the market. Food, Inc. had many facts and statistics telling the viewers of todays farmers and other large corporations in the food industry. It used to be that it took three months to produce a chicken from when it hatched to the time it was ready to slaughter, now, it takes only 48 days. Farmers average a borrowing of $500,000 in which they only make $18,000 profit. Large producers are keeping farmers in debt. Rather than letting the plants and animals take the time they need to produce naturally companies are always thinking faster, faster, bigger, bigger. Candy, chips, pop, and hamburgers from McDonalds are all examples of cheaper food than compared to vegetables or fruit. Although they are higher subsidized, they are low in cost. Food, Inc. could have overlooked the value some Americans have on these cheaper meals. A Hispanic family was shown on the documentary. This family was faced with having to choose between buying medication for their diabetic father or getting groceries. Him, as well as one and a half million other Mexican farmers lost their jobs due to larger corporations and with all the debt that is due, they dont have a lot of money for the quality of food they may want. Food, Inc. however did overemphasize all the negative larger companies were doing to farmers, as well as animals. Some interesting facts are as follow: at a slaughter house located in Tar Heel, 32,000 pigs are slaughter a day; thats 2,000 per hour. If a plant is always failing the USDA testing, they are said to be shut down. However, the law never took affect, instead, the plants took USDA to court. In 2008, 90% of soybeans did not have the original seed. Although documentaries are usually biased, there were many times throughout the film where a large corporations were asked to talk, however, they declined. Large corporations could have helped their side of view by taking time to conduct an interview with the Food, Inc. crew. Food, Inc.was very intriguing, although it could have furthered explained through a corporations prospective overall the documentary was successful. The harsh facts with the jaw dropping graphics were just a bonus on the heart touching stories all of the farmers told. The graphics of reality was most bothering. The fact that companies could get away with employing illegal immigrants than do nothing when they were arrested was annoying, as well as knowing that a company could sue anybody for anything even if they knew they would lose. Something that was realized as result from watching this piece, is that to eat well in this country you need money. Questions that could be asked are how can companies like Monsanto have all of one farmers bank accounts and check written from the last 10 years. How can this company sue farmers (and win) for the farmers crops being contaminated against their knowledge. Why did patenting a seed ever become acceptable when the seed needs to be grown and consumed by millions. And why can the FDA sell food without a GMO label.

Silence :: essays research papers fc

Silence   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Maxine Hong Kingston’s autobiographical piece â€Å"Silence†, she describes her inability to speak English when she was in grade school. Kindergarten was the birthplace of her silence because she was a Chinese girl attending an American school. She was very embarrassed of her inability, and when moments came up where she had to speak, â€Å"self-disgust† filled her day because of that squeaky voice she possessed (422). Kingston notes that she never talked to anyone at school for her first year of silence, except for one or two other Chinese kids in her class. Maxine’s sister, who was even worse than she was, stayed almost completely silent for three years. Both went to the same school and were in the same second grade class because Maxine had flunked kindergarten.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first time Kingston had to speak English in kindergarten was the moment silence infiltrated her world. Simple dialogue such as â€Å"hello† or asking for directions was hell for her because people usually couldn’t hear her the first time she asked, and her voice became weaker every time she tried to repeat the question (422). No matter what, speaking English just shattered her self-esteem.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Maxine covered her school artwork with black paint. In a sense, she was creating something beautiful that symbolized her futuristic ability to speak English well, then covering it with black paint that symbolized a curtain that would, in time, rise and reveal her artwork of exceptional English dialogue. Her teachers notified her parents of the paintings, but they could not understand English. So, Kingston’s parents thought of it as something bad, according to the seriousness of the teachers’ expressions about them. As her father said, â€Å"the parents and teachers of criminals were executed† (423).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Though Maxine was quiet in American school, it didn’t mean that she was quiet in Chinese school which started after American school at 5:00pm and ended at 7:30pm. This was her escape from English where most of the kids, including a couple of Negro kids that enrolled, could talk, shout, sing, chant, and joke around without the fear of embarrassment. Children were allowed to do whatever they wished during recess. Chinese school was where the well-behaved boys in American school played tricks on girls, and where the girls had fistfights during recess because there were no rules. They played dangerous games in dangerous areas of the school and even wandered off into the city while the teachers sat in the classrooms and â€Å"drank tea and warmed their hands at a stove† (425).

Group Project

You have just been part of a merger. You have each been chosen to head up your department and merge the two groups into a self-directed work team. Work with each other to lay out a plan describing how you will develop a new team within your department or departments. It is natural that there will be some confrontations between people. Look at the stages of team development and use that knowledge to work with the team. It is recognized that some employees will refuse to be part of the team. In fact, the new ownership expects that there will be some who lose their jobs because of these issues; however, that is a last resort.Use all your skills to negotiate with employees in an attempt to resolve conflicts and pull your team together. Because you are working together as a team, it is seen by the ownership that if one is successful, you are all successful. Likewise, if one fails, you all fail. The future success of the company is dependent on your mutual success. Consider the following: * As a team, you must come up with a plan and be in agreement because you have to implement it in your departments. For the plan of team development, I will use Tuckman's Theory, namely, Forming, Storming, Norming- Performing.The first step that I will take is to form a team that has all the talents and abilities required for the tasks at hand. This means a careful inventory has to be developed of the skills, and abilities and checking if these are appropriate and adequate for the task at hand. When developing a plan the objective is to develop a team that is high-performing and brings the advantages of synergies after the merger has taken place. Forming: During this stage of the team, there is a desire to be accepted and to avoid conflict; The tasks are allotted according the skills and abilities of the persons.The tendency during this stage is to study the other members and avoid confrontation. The team members get to know each other. It is planned that this stage should last for one week. Storming: As the owners give challenging tasks to the team there is storming and different ideas compete for consideration. I will ensure that even though confrontational ideas are presented, there is productive input and good ideas are accepted. I will use tolerance and patience because at this stage there is likely to be conflict among the employee groups belonging to each merging company. I will ensure that more comfortable interaction is possible.This stage will take two weeks time. Norming: During this phase I will ensure that the team has only one goal and a plan will be developed to achieve the tasks given to the team. At this time norms will be developed for tackling different tasks assigned to the team and the manner in which they will be executed. The normng phase will take one weeks time. Performing: To get the team performing, I will get the team members to carry out multi-functional tasks and to become mutually interdependent. I will set challenging goals for the team and set criteria by which the performance will be evaluated.The objectives of the team and the criteria for performance evaluation will be so designed in such a manner that the team members become interdependent. I will actively participate in the activities of the team and motivate the team members. The decision making will be participative and will encourage new ideas and even dissenting thoughts; The performing stage will continue for a period of six months. After a period of seven months it is expected that the team will be a cohesive, high performing, and synergetic. * For each step you take, provide a brief explanation of your reasoning.Forming: during this step there is a gathering of information about the team members from the other company; There is also an attempt by the member of the acquiring company to exert their power and become dominant. At this stage simply allotting task according to the skills and abilities creates a feeling that every person has a rightf ul place in the team. Storming: During this step the inherent conflict between employees of the acquiring company and the acquired company come out into the open. There are conflicts over small issues, and the acquired company members will test the rules to see if they get a fair deal.To motivate team members they must be made to feel that every person will be treated equitably. (Remember Stacey Adam's equity theory). Norming: During this stage rules of teamwork are formed and there is a give and take. The team members understand the concerns of the other members easily. Performing: During this stage by setting objectives/goal, and setting criteria for performance evaluation, I compel the group to become interdependent and flexible. This is the most direct way of ensuring that synergies are achieved. I will take certain steps during the team formation process to ensure that the team formation is successful.Since, the members of the team come from different cultures; I will not impos e outside principles or ground rules from outside. Further, since there are persons from different companies, I will ensure that the group does not get caught up in details, nor will I allow the persons from one company dominate others. I will ensure that each member of the team gets an equal say. In addition, I will set challenging targets for the team and the objectives will not merely be in financial terms. Moreover, I will encourage sharing of information and cultural integration. Finally, I will not allow random or undirected changes to my plans.

What Makes A Successful Advertising - 1336 Words

I was eating dinner with friends the other evening, and one of my friends made a comment I seem to hear a lot. I’m not influenced by advertising, she said. I then pointed out that U.S. companies like General Motors, for example would not invest $4.2 billion dollars last year on something they thought didn t work. (Laya) Companies use advertising to produce returns, similar to any other investment. The reason that my friend (and, I m guessing, many of your friends) think advertising doesn t work is that they think advertisements are trying to make them immediately do something. They are wrong. Successful advertising rarely does well through argument or calls to action. Instead, it creates progressive memories and feelings that†¦show more content†¦She has beautiful soft lips that appear to have EOS lip balm on them. To the left of her mouth, the woman holds a striped, pink, ball-shaped lip balm, held in her hand to inadvertently guiding the viewer’s eyes to her lips. A few strands of hair flow down around her jawline accompanying her hand in framing the woman’s face. As you continue down the page, the woman’s arm guides you from her hand down to a bracelet with the same striped, pink, design of the lip balm she is holding. Next to the bracelet is a description of the lip balm with a heading that reads â€Å"get noticed with visibly softer lips†. This advertisement sells its product by leading viewers to believe that if they use this product they will be more attractive. Likewise, Burt’s Bees placed an advertisement in Glamour Magazine featuring a new lip balm from their company. Similar to the EOS advertisement, this full-page spread features a close up of a woman with voluptuous lips with a picture of the lip balm at the bottom next to a tag ling promising results. However, in the Burt’s Bees advertisement the entire face of the woman is pictured and the whole advertisement appears to be hand drawn. The woman’s hair, which appears to be somewhat unwieldy, begins at the top of the page and frames her face stopping at her jaw line. Her eyebrows are drawn unevenly and below that she has one eye open and one eye closed in what appears to be a wink. The woman’s nose is centered directly in the middle of the page